【081】词根词缀专栏[301-350]@柯林斯COBUILD高阶英汉双解学习词典（第8版）

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2017-03-04

作者：GoldenDict
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ENCARTA英汉双解大词典

root
BASIC PART OF WORD
► in linguistics, the basic meaningful part of a word that is left when any affixes are removed and that cannot be analysed further into other meaningful elements 【语】词根
affix
PART ADDED TO A WORD
► a form added to the beginning, middle, or end of another word that creates a derivative word or inflection 【语】词缀
suffix
► a letter or group of letters added at the end of a word or word part to form another word, e.g. ‘-ly’ in ‘quickly’ or ‘-ing’ in ‘talking’ 【语】后缀，词尾
prefix
WORD ELEMENT BEGINNING VARIOUS WORDS
► a linguistic element that is not an independent word but is attached to the begining of words to modify their meaning 【语】（词的）前缀

特别说明：下面的汉字均系人工查阅《柯林斯 COBUILD 高阶英汉双解学习词典》（第 8 版）而后录入，如有错漏，还请见谅并指出。

• flor ≈ flower  花: floral, floret, florist
• fore ≈ before  之前；在前: forecast, forefather, foresight
• man ≈ human being  人: foreman, humane, woman
• most ≈ superlative degree  最: foremost, innermost, topmost
• fort ≈ strong  强: fortify, fortissimo, fortitude
• found ≈ base  基: foundation, founded, founder
• fract, frag ≈ breaking  分裂: fraction, fracture, fragile
• frat ≈ brother  兄弟: fraternal, fraternity, fraternize
• frig ≈ cold  冷: frigid, refrigerate, refrigerator
• fum ≈ smoking  烟熏: fume, fumigate, perfume
• ster ≈ one who does  行…事者: gangster, mobster, pollster
• gastr ≈ stomach  胃: gastric, gastrointestinal, gastronomic
• cide ≈ killing  杀: genocide, homicide, pesticide
• geo ≈ earth  地；地球: geography, geology, geopolitical
• iatr ≈ healing  医治: geriatric, pediatrics, podiatrist
• glob ≈ sphere  球: global, globe, globule
• gloss, glot ≈ language  语言: gloss, glossary, polyglot
• gran ≈ grain 谷物；颗粒,  seed  种子: granary, granite, granule
• ite ≈ mineral 矿物,  rock  岩石: granite, graphite, stalactite
• grav ≈ heavy  沉重: gravitas, gravitate, gravity
• haemo ≈ blood  血: haemoglobin, haemophilia, haemorrhage
• osis ≈ state or condition  状态或情况: halitosis, hypnosis, metamorphosis
• herb ≈ grass  草: herbal, herbicide, herbivore
• dox ≈ opinion  观点: heterodox, orthodox, paradox
• hetero ≈ other  异: heterodox, heterogeneous, heterosexual
• gon ≈ angle  角: hexagon, octagon, pentagon
• hol ≈ whole  整: holistic, holocaust, hologram
• homo ≈ same  同: homogeneous, homogenize, homosexual
• hosp, host ≈ guest  客: hospital, hospitality, hostage
• hyper ≈ above 高于,  over  在…之上: hyperactive, hyperbole, hyperlink
• hypo ≈ below 低于,  under  在…之下: hypodermic, hypothermia, hypothetical
• ide, ideo ≈ idea  想法: ideal, idealize, ideology
• ident ≈ same  相同: identical, identification, unidentified
• il ≈ not  不: illegal, illegible, illiterate
• lumin ≈ light  光: illuminate, luminary, luminescence
• im ≈ not  不: imbalance, immature, impossible
• mort ≈ death  死: immortal, mortify, mortuary
• mov ≈ moving  移动: immovable, movement, movie
• potent ≈ ability 能力,  power  力量: impotent, omnipotent, potential
• pun ≈ punishing  惩罚: impunity, punishment, punitive
• in ≈ not  不: inability, inaccurate, inadequate
• cumb ≈ lying down  躺；伏: incumbent, recumbent, succumb
• nat ≈ being born  出生: innate, native, neonatal
• nov ≈ new  新: innovate, novel, renovate
• san ≈ health  健康: insane, sane, sanitation
• scrib ≈ writing  书写: inscribe, scribble, scribe
• scrut ≈ examining  检查: inscrutable, scrutinize, scrutiny
• sinu ≈ curve  曲线: insinuate, sinuous, sinus
• somn ≈ sleep  睡: insomnia, insomniac, somnolent
• insula ≈ island  岛: insular, insulate, insulator